Fitted near the boiler, an automatic bypass valve controls water flow in the central heating system according to the water pressure across it and is used to maintain a minimum flow rate through the boiler and to limit circulation pressure when other valves / water paths are closed.
The use of automatic bypass valves becomes particularly important when heating systems include large numbers of thermostatic radiator valves (TRVs). Whilst the TRVs are open the automatic bypass valve remains closed, as the TRVs start to close, the automatic bypass valve starts to open maintaining the required water flow through the boiler.